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    <title>Qualla: Arguin</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[A small, reef-ringed island off Mauritania where Europe built its first fortress outside its own continent - and from which, by 1455, some 800 enslaved West Africans were shipped to Portugal every year.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A small, reef-ringed island off Mauritania where Europe built its first fortress outside its own continent - and from which, by 1455, some 800 enslaved West Africans were shipped to Portugal every year.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <itunes:name>Qualla</itunes:name>
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      <title>Qualla: Arguin</title>
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      <title>Arguin: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/arguin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Public domain. It is a low, arid scrap of land in a bay full of treacherous reefs, hardly the kind of place history usually remembers. But Arguin holds a terrible distinction. In 1445, on this island off the Mauritanian coast, the Portuguese built the first European fortress ever raised outside Europe - and turned it into one of the earliest engines of the Atlantic slave trade. The fort changed hands again and again over the centuries that followed, flying Portuguese, Dutch, English, Brandenburg, and French flags in turn. But its founding purpose left the deepest mark: from here, human beings were carried away from their homeland in chains.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Public domain. It is a low, arid scrap of land in a bay full of treacherous reefs, hardly the kind of place history usually remembers. But Arguin holds a terrible distinction. In 1445, on this island off the Mauritanian coast, the Portuguese built the first European fortress ever raised outside Europe - and turned it into one of the earliest engines of the Atlantic slave trade. The fort changed hands again and again over the centuries that followed, flying Portuguese, Dutch, English, Brandenburg, and French flags in turn. But its founding purpose left the deepest mark: from here, human beings were carried away from their homeland in chains.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/arguin/">Arguin on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Arguin: The First Fort</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/arguin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit The Ogre at English Wikipedia / Later versions were uploaded by The Red Hat of Pat Ferrick at English Wikipedia., Public domain. The Portuguese explorer Nuno Tristao reached Arguin in 1443, the first European known to set foot there. Two years later, under the patronage of Prince Henry the Navigator, Portugal established a feitoria - a fortified trading post - on the island. It was a landmark of a grim kin...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit The Ogre at English Wikipedia / Later versions were uploaded by The Red Hat of Pat Ferrick at English Wikipedia., Public domain. The Portuguese explorer Nuno Tristao reached Arguin in 1443, the first European known to set foot there. Two years later, under the patronage of Prince Henry the Navigator, Portugal established a feitoria - a fortified trading post - on the island. It was a landmark of a grim kin...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/arguin/">Arguin on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: The Ogre at English Wikipedia / Later versions were uploaded by The Red Hat of Pat Ferrick at English Wikipedia. | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Arguin: The Trade in Human Beings</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/arguin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Kokopelado, CC BY-SA 3.0. The numbers are stark and they should not be softened. By 1455, around 800 enslaved West Africans were being shipped from Arguin to Portugal every year, and as the trade matured that figure rose toward a thousand. They were carried to Portugal itself and to the sugar plantations ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Kokopelado, CC BY-SA 3.0. The numbers are stark and they should not be softened. By 1455, around 800 enslaved West Africans were being shipped from Arguin to Portugal every year, and as the trade matured that figure rose toward a thousand. They were carried to Portugal itself and to the sugar plantations ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/arguin/">Arguin on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Kokopelado | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Arguin: A Fort Everyone Wanted</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/arguin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Paul Langhans, Public domain. Because of its trade, the little island was fought over for centuries. In January 1633 a Dutch force seized the fort for the Dutch West India Company; that same year the company's young chief factor, Daniel van Peere, was taken and killed by local people during a trading mission,...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Paul Langhans, Public domain. Because of its trade, the little island was fought over for centuries. In January 1633 a Dutch force seized the fort for the Dutch West India Company; that same year the company's young chief factor, Daniel van Peere, was taken and killed by local people during a trading mission,...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/arguin/">Arguin on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Paul Langhans | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Arguin: The Sea Takes Its Due</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/arguin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Jean-Jérôme Baugean, Public domain. The reefs that made Arguin so hard to approach claimed their most famous victim in July 1816, when the French frigate Meduse, bound for Senegal, wrecked off the island. Around 350 people died in the disaster and its harrowing aftermath, when survivors were abandoned on a makeshif...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Jean-Jérôme Baugean, Public domain. The reefs that made Arguin so hard to approach claimed their most famous victim in July 1816, when the French frigate Meduse, bound for Senegal, wrecked off the island. Around 350 people died in the disaster and its harrowing aftermath, when survivors were abandoned on a makeshif...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/arguin/">Arguin on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Jean-Jérôme Baugean | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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