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    <title>Qualla: Battle of Gondra</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[Beneath the trenches of Fort Gondra, Paraguayan soldiers dug a tunnel by hand to surprise the enemy from behind, in one of the strangest feats of South America's deadliest modern war.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Beneath the trenches of Fort Gondra, Paraguayan soldiers dug a tunnel by hand to surprise the enemy from behind, in one of the strangest feats of South America's deadliest modern war.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <itunes:name>Qualla</itunes:name>
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      <title>Qualla: Battle of Gondra</title>
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      <title>Battle of Gondra: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-gondra/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[They dug with bayonets, tin cans flattened into shovels, and burlap sacks to haul out the dirt. Above them, only a few dozen meters away, Bolivian soldiers slept under mosquito netting, unaware that the ground beneath the no-man's-land was being hollowed out beneath their feet. For weeks in the spring of 1933, exhausted Paraguayan troops at Fort Gondra, many sick with malaria and stripped to the waist in the heat, pushed a tunnel under the trenches toward the enemy rear. On the morning of 10 May, with a light drizzle falling, they came up behind the Bolivian lines and the war turned, for a few hours, into something out of a fable.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>They dug with bayonets, tin cans flattened into shovels, and burlap sacks to haul out the dirt. Above them, only a few dozen meters away, Bolivian soldiers slept under mosquito netting, unaware that the ground beneath the no-man's-land was being hollowed out beneath their feet. For weeks in the spring of 1933, exhausted Paraguayan troops at Fort Gondra, many sick with malaria and stripped to the waist in the heat, pushed a tunnel under the trenches toward the enemy rear. On the morning of 10 May, with a light drizzle falling, they came up behind the Bolivian lines and the war turned, for a few hours, into something out of a fable.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-gondra/">Battle of Gondra on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Gondra: The Green Hell</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-gondra/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Chaco Boreal is a vast, flat scrubland of thorn forest and seasonal swamp, baking and waterless for much of the year. Both Paraguay and Bolivia believed oil lay beneath it, and from 1932 to 1935 they fought one of the bloodiest wars in the history of the Americas to control i...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Chaco Boreal is a vast, flat scrubland of thorn forest and seasonal swamp, baking and waterless for much of the year. Both Paraguay and Bolivia believed oil lay beneath it, and from 1932 to 1935 they fought one of the bloodiest wars in the history of the Americas to control i...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-gondra/">Battle of Gondra on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Gondra: The Tunnel</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[The idea belonged to a corporal, Bernabé Mendoza Duré, who proposed digging beneath the enemy line. His commander, Lieutenant Colonel Rafael Franco, approved it on 28 April 1933. With almost nothing in the way of tools, a special detachment worked in secret, shoring up the roof s...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The idea belonged to a corporal, Bernabé Mendoza Duré, who proposed digging beneath the enemy line. His commander, Lieutenant Colonel Rafael Franco, approved it on 28 April 1933. With almost nothing in the way of tools, a special detachment worked in secret, shoring up the roof s...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-gondra/">Battle of Gondra on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Gondra: The Encirclement</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-gondra/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The famous tunnel raid set the stage, but the larger Battle of Gondra came two months later, from 11 to 15 July 1933, in the immediate aftermath of the Paraguayan victory at the Second Battle of Nanawa. The Paraguayan 1st Division, known as the Iron Division, pushed through dense...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The famous tunnel raid set the stage, but the larger Battle of Gondra came two months later, from 11 to 15 July 1933, in the immediate aftermath of the Paraguayan victory at the Second Battle of Nanawa. The Paraguayan 1st Division, known as the Iron Division, pushed through dense...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-gondra/">Battle of Gondra on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Gondra: What the Map Doesn&apos;t Show</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-gondra/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[On 15 July, the Bolivians withdrew from the pocket without further harassment, carrying out even their heavy equipment. The Paraguayan advance stalled against a fresh blocking position the Bolivian 3rd Pérez regiment had thrown up at Campo Vía, a dry creek bed six kilometers west...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>On 15 July, the Bolivians withdrew from the pocket without further harassment, carrying out even their heavy equipment. The Paraguayan advance stalled against a fresh blocking position the Bolivian 3rd Pérez regiment had thrown up at Campo Vía, a dry creek bed six kilometers west...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-gondra/">Battle of Gondra on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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