Indische Buurt, Amsterdam
Indische Buurt, Amsterdam

Indische Buurt

Neighborhoods of AmsterdamAmsterdam-OostColonial historyImmigration
4 min read

Walk east from Amsterdam Centraal and the streets start changing names in a language the city no longer speaks as an owner. Javastraat. Sumatrastraat. Borneostraat. Celebes, Bali, Lombok, Makassar - the map of a colony folded into a few blocks of brick tenements behind a railway line. The first of these street names was carved into a sign in 1902, when the Dutch East Indies were still painted onto Dutch atlases as something belonging. Today the country those names describe is called Indonesia, and the neighborhood named for it is one of the most polyglot corners of Amsterdam.

An Empire in Street Signs

The Indische Buurt - Indies Quarter - sits in Amsterdam-Oost, fenced in by water and rail. The North Sea Canal had opened in 1876, and the boom that followed needed somewhere to put its workers. So the city rolled brick blocks east of the tracks and gave the new streets names borrowed from the archipelago Dutch ships had been hauling cloves and rubber and human labor out of for three centuries. The naming was confident, almost casual. The first street went up in 1902. By the time the last colonial-era signs were hammered into place, an empire was already pulling itself apart on the other side of the world. The streets stayed. The empire did not.

Behind the Railway Line

For decades the Indische Buurt was Amsterdam's afterthought - cut off from the city center by the Amsterdam-Utrecht railway, served by tram 14 from May 1915 but otherwise left to its own devices. Muiderpoort Station, the bridge that would finally pull the neighborhood into the city's transit network, did not open until 1939. Growth paused in the 1930s when the Great Depression reached the canals, then resumed. In 1942 a public bathhouse opened on Javaplein - one of the last built in Amsterdam, a sign of how late running water arrived in some of these flats. The bathhouse stayed open until 1982, a forty-year run during which it slowly became less necessity than memory.

The Quiet Arrival

When the Dutch East Indies became Indonesia in 1949, hundreds of thousands of people - Indo-Dutch families, Moluccans, mixed-heritage colonial subjects suddenly on the wrong side of independence - made the long passage to a country many had never seen. Some of them found themselves living on streets named after the islands they had just left. The neighborhood absorbed wave after wave after that: Turkish and Moroccan guest workers in the 1960s and 70s, Surinamese families after 1975, then a slow accretion of newer arrivals from everywhere else. The Amsterdam city government estimates roughly a hundred languages are spoken in the Indische Buurt now. Roughly half of Zeeburg residents have an immigrant background; in the Indische Buurt the share runs higher still.

The Old Cemetery in the Park

On the neighborhood's eastern edge, Flevopark holds something most visitors walk past without noticing. The naturalist Jac. P. Thijsse imagined the park in 1908, but construction did not begin until 1928 - the slow Dutch dance of expropriation and budgets. Tucked inside the green is a Jewish cemetery that has been in use since 1714. An estimated 200,000 people are buried there. After 1942, when Nazi occupation began emptying Amsterdam of its Jewish residents, active burials stopped. The stones stayed. The park grew around them. It is possible to swim laps at the 60-meter Flevoparkbad pool a few hundred meters away and never know what lies under the hedges across the path.

Dockland Chic, Again

Since the mid-1990s the Indische Buurt has been gentrifying at the pace of a Dutch coffee shop opening. Squatted buildings have been renovated and sold. Timorplein's 2010 makeover brought Studio K theater, a Stayokay hostel, and meeting rooms for the International Institute for Research and Education. Javastraat - the shopping spine that runs through Timorbuurt - has become a strip of boutiques, Turkish bakeries, natural-wine bars, and Indo-Surinamese takeaways that share blocks with the older grocers. To the east, the Sluisbuurt development is supposed to deliver 5,500 new homes and a clutch of high-rise towers by 2030. The Indische Buurt's residents, many of them descendants of the people the original street names refer to, watch the cranes go up and wonder what the next set of arrivals will be called.

From the Air

Located at 52.36 N, 4.94 E in Amsterdam-Oost, between the Amsterdam-Hilversum rail line on the west and Flevopark on the east. From altitude the neighborhood reads as a tight grid of red-tile rooftops east of the central canal belt, with the green spine of Flevopark on its eastern edge and the IJ harbor to the north. Nearest airport: Schiphol (EHAM), 14 km southwest. Best viewed at low cruising altitudes in clear morning light.