Pyramid Peak Aircraft Warning Service Lookout

World War IIaircraft warning servicenational parkhistoric structure
3 min read

In the fall of 1942, the war was not going well in the Pacific. Japanese forces had bombed Dutch Harbor in Alaska that June, occupied two Aleutian Islands, and shelled a lighthouse near Santa Barbara. The threat of aerial attack on the West Coast felt real enough that the U.S. Army funded a network of spotter stations along the coast, including thirteen within Olympic National Park. On the southern slope of Pyramid Peak, overlooking Lake Crescent, National Park Service employees Joe and Rena Shurnick built one of them.

A Shed on a Mountainside

The Pyramid Peak lookout is not an impressive structure by any standard of architecture. It is a single-story frame shed, 13 by 16 feet, clad in wood shingles with a simple pitched roof covered in wood shakes. A small woodshed stands just to the north. The window openings on each side are unglazed, left permanently open to the mountain weather so that spotters could scan the sky without obstruction. There is nothing elegant about it. The Army needed eyes on the approaches to the Olympic Peninsula, and this shed provided them. Joe and Rena Shurnick, husband and wife, built it with their own hands using materials the Army supplied, working through the autumn rains on an exposed mountainside above one of the deepest lakes in Washington state.

Watching for an Enemy That Never Arrived

The Aircraft Warning Service operated from stations like this one across the Pacific Coast, staffing them with volunteers and government employees who spent long hours scanning the sky with binoculars and reporting any aircraft sightings by telephone. Pyramid Peak offered a commanding view of the surrounding valleys, the lake below, and the approaches from the Pacific. Japanese aircraft never appeared over the Olympic Peninsula. By June 1944, with the threat of attack on the continental United States effectively eliminated, the AWS was abandoned. The thirteen stations within Olympic National Park were left to weather and time. Most were dismantled or collapsed. Pyramid Peak and the Dodger Point Fire Lookout are the only two that survive, quiet monuments to a brief period when Americans genuinely feared bombing raids on their own forests.

Last Witnesses Standing

The Pyramid Peak lookout was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 13, 2007, recognized as a rare surviving example of the wartime Aircraft Warning Service infrastructure. Its significance lies not in what happened there, since no enemy aircraft were ever spotted, but in what it represents: the reach of World War II anxiety into the most remote corners of America. That the Army felt it necessary to post watchers on a mountainside in Olympic National Park, overlooking a glacial lake 17 miles from the nearest town, speaks to the scope of fear that followed Pearl Harbor. The lookout's survival is itself improbable. Built hastily of simple materials for a purpose that lasted less than two years, it has endured more than eight decades of Pacific Northwest rain, wind, and snow, outlasting every expectation its builders could have had for it.

From the Air

Located at 48.07N, 123.81W on the southern slope of Pyramid Peak, above the south shore of Lake Crescent in Olympic National Park. The structure is very small and difficult to spot from altitude, but Pyramid Peak itself is a prominent landmark above Lake Crescent. Nearest airport is William R. Fairchild International Airport (KCLM) in Port Angeles, about 17 miles east. Lake Crescent and US-101 along its south shore are the primary navigation references. Best viewed at 2,000-3,000 ft AGL when approaching from the lake side.