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    <title>Qualla: Siege of Uruguaiana</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[In 1865, an emperor crossed a continent to watch a starving army surrender on the banks of the Uruguay River.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[In 1865, an emperor crossed a continent to watch a starving army surrender on the banks of the Uruguay River.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Siege of Uruguaiana</title>
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      <title>Siege of Uruguaiana: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Alferes de Estado Maior de 1ª Classe Fontoura., Public domain. By mid-September 1865, the only food left inside Uruguaiana was sugar. Five thousand five hundred Paraguayan soldiers were dug in behind a barricade of felled trees, ringed by an allied army three times their size, with the Uruguay River at their backs and Brazilian gunboats patrolling the water. Their president had ordered them never to surrender. On 18 September, they surrendered anyway. What makes this riverside town remarkable is not just the siege itself, but who came to witness its end: Emperor Pedro II of Brazil had traveled the length of his vast country to stand on this border and accept the capitulation in person.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Alferes de Estado Maior de 1ª Classe Fontoura., Public domain. By mid-September 1865, the only food left inside Uruguaiana was sugar. Five thousand five hundred Paraguayan soldiers were dug in behind a barricade of felled trees, ringed by an allied army three times their size, with the Uruguay River at their backs and Brazilian gunboats patrolling the water. Their president had ordered them never to surrender. On 18 September, they surrendered anyway. What makes this riverside town remarkable is not just the siege itself, but who came to witness its end: Emperor Pedro II of Brazil had traveled the length of his vast country to stand on this border and accept the capitulation in person.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/">Siege of Uruguaiana on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Alferes de Estado Maior de 1ª Classe Fontoura. | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Siege of Uruguaiana: The Tide That Reached Too Far</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit my self, CC BY-SA 3.0. The Paraguayan War pitted the landlocked nation of Paraguay against the combined might of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. In its opening phase, President Francisco Solano López sent his armies south and east, deep into enemy territory. On 5 August 1865, a column under Lieutenant ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit my self, CC BY-SA 3.0. The Paraguayan War pitted the landlocked nation of Paraguay against the combined might of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. In its opening phase, President Francisco Solano López sent his armies south and east, deep into enemy territory. On 5 August 1865, a column under Lieutenant ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/">Siege of Uruguaiana on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: my self | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Siege of Uruguaiana: An Alliance That Barely Held</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Kyriri, CC BY-SA 4.0. The army that gathered to retake Uruguaiana was a fractious one. Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay had signed the Treaty of the Triple Alliance, but their commanders distrusted one another deeply. The Count of Porto Alegre nursed an open contempt for his Hispanic-American allies. Wh...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Kyriri, CC BY-SA 4.0. The army that gathered to retake Uruguaiana was a fractious one. Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay had signed the Treaty of the Triple Alliance, but their commanders distrusted one another deeply. The Count of Porto Alegre nursed an open contempt for his Hispanic-American allies. Wh...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/">Siege of Uruguaiana on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Kyriri | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Siege of Uruguaiana: The Emperor at the Front</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Probably Heinrich Fleiuss (1823-1882), Public domain. Pedro II reached the siege lines on 11 September. It was an extraordinary thing for a head of state to do, and he did not come alone. The presidents of Argentina and Uruguay were there, along with the Count d'Eu and Admiral Tamandaré, who commanded the Brazilian fleet on the rive...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Probably Heinrich Fleiuss (1823-1882), Public domain. Pedro II reached the siege lines on 11 September. It was an extraordinary thing for a head of state to do, and he did not come alone. The presidents of Argentina and Uruguay were there, along with the Count d'Eu and Admiral Tamandaré, who commanded the Brazilian fleet on the rive...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/">Siege of Uruguaiana on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Probably Heinrich Fleiuss (1823-1882) | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Siege of Uruguaiana: The Long Retreat Home</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Joseph Smeeton / Joachim-Jean Cosson / Ange Louis Janet, Public domain. The surrender broke the back of Paraguay's offensive. López, recognizing that the war had turned, abandoned the Argentine province of Corrientes and pulled back to defend his own frontier. The withdrawal was vast and methodical: General Resquín drove more than 100,000 head of cat...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Joseph Smeeton / Joachim-Jean Cosson / Ange Louis Janet, Public domain. The surrender broke the back of Paraguay's offensive. López, recognizing that the war had turned, abandoned the Argentine province of Corrientes and pulled back to defend his own frontier. The withdrawal was vast and methodical: General Resquín drove more than 100,000 head of cat...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/siege-of-uruguaiana/">Siege of Uruguaiana on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Joseph Smeeton / Joachim-Jean Cosson / Ange Louis Janet | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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