Bere Ferrers Rail Accident

historywwirail-disastersdevonnew-zealandmemorials1917
4 min read

The young men had not eaten since six o'clock that morning. They had sailed from New Zealand on the troopships Ulimaroa and Norman, landed at Plymouth Sound earlier that day, and boarded a train at Plymouth Friary station bound for Sling Camp on Salisbury Plain. They were told that when the train made its first stop at Exeter, two men from each carriage could go to the brake van for provisions. At 15:52 the train made an unscheduled halt at a tiny country station called Bere Ferrers. The end carriages were beyond the platform. The soldiers, hungry and unfamiliar with English railways, assumed they had reached Exeter and stepped down. Many of them stepped down on the wrong side, onto the down line. The London Waterloo to Plymouth express was approaching at 40 miles per hour around a blind curve.

What They Brought With Them

The men were part of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force, the volunteer army that New Zealand had sent across the world to fight Germany's war. By September 1917 the country had already lost thousands of its young men at Gallipoli, on the Somme, and in the appalling mud of Passchendaele, which was still being fought as the Ulimaroa and Norman crossed the equator. These soldiers were the reinforcements. They had travelled six weeks by sea to reach a country most of them had never seen, en route to a battlefield that none of them yet imagined. The unscheduled stop at Bere Ferrers was a mundane detail in a journey that was supposed to end somewhere far more dangerous. Instead it ended on a Devon railway track, before any of them had fired a shot in anger.

A Small Misunderstanding

Everything that went wrong was small. In New Zealand, trains had platforms on the right. In England, at Bere Ferrers that afternoon, the platform was on the right as the train had entered. But after the long journey, the soldiers had instinctively turned and stepped down the way they had stepped up, the way they remembered, which placed them on the down line where the express was about to come through. The inquest later made this point carefully. They had not been reckless. They had simply done what felt natural, in a country whose railways followed different conventions than their own. The driver of the express did everything he could, sounding a prolonged blast on his whistle as he approached, but the line curves sharply on the approach to the station and by the time he saw the men on the track it was too late to stop.

Forty Miles an Hour

Nine soldiers were killed instantly. A tenth died later at Tavistock Hospital. The express finally came to a halt a quarter of a mile beyond the station. One of the survivors said something afterward that the inquest recorded, and it has been quoted in every account of the accident since: "We never thought of expresses travelling at 40 miles per hour. They don't travel at that rate in New Zealand. It was a wonder more of us were not killed." The dead were buried in Plymouth's Efford Cemetery. Their families, on the other side of the world, would not have learned of their deaths for weeks. Their names are inscribed on the New Zealand memorial at Bere Ferrers, where a small commemoration has been held each September for over a century. The youngest was 20. The oldest was in his thirties. They are still remembered as a small grief among the millions of greater griefs that the Great War made.

What the Track Remembers

Bere Ferrers railway station is still in use today, served by trains on the scenic Tamar Valley Line between Plymouth and Gunnislake. The platform looks much as it did in 1917. The curve in the line is the same curve. The express trains no longer thunder through at the speeds they once did; the line is a quiet branch now, the through route long since lifted. In 2001, following a request by the New Zealand National Army Museum, a memorial plaque was unveiled in the village centre to the men who died here. Each anniversary, locals and visiting New Zealanders gather at the small monument and read the names aloud. The story matters in two countries: in New Zealand, where it is taught in schools as one of the strangest tragedies of the war, and in Devon, where a small village station keeps the memory of ten young men whose long voyage ended one stop too early.

From the Air

The accident site is at 50.45 N, 4.18 W, just north of the Tamar Bridge along the Tamar Valley Line in Devon. From the air the wooded Tamar estuary winds northward between Devon and Cornwall, with Bere Ferrers village set above the river's east bank. Plymouth City Airport (EGHD) closed in 2011; nearest active airfields are Exeter (EGTE) about 33 nm to the northeast and Newquay Cornwall (EGHQ) 42 nm to the west. Best viewing is at 1,500 to 2,500 feet AGL with low sun illuminating the wooded creeks and the curve of the railway line.

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