
When Lord Wraxall died in 2001, the National Trust had a problem. His ancestor William Gibbs had grown rich in the nineteenth century selling Peruvian seabird droppings as fertiliser - guano - and had spent the resulting fortune building Tyntesfield, a Gothic Revival fantasy in the Somerset countryside ten miles south-west of Bristol. The house was full of original Victorian fittings: gas lamps, hand-decorated wallpapers, family portraits, a private chapel. Its contents were about to be auctioned and dispersed. A national fundraising campaign raised £8.2 million in just a hundred days, with the National Heritage Memorial Fund providing a further £17.4 million. The Trust bought the estate in 2002. They have been carefully unpicking it, room by room, ever since.
The kitchen garden complex centres on the Grade II* listed Orangery - once the architectural focal point of the whole working garden. By the time the Trust took possession, the building was in such precarious condition that it sat in Category A of English Heritage's Heritage at Risk Register, the highest priority. The restoration was an experiment in training as much as conservation. The Trust teamed up with City of Bath College and a specialist firm called Nimbus Conservation, and twelve trainee stonemasons worked alongside professional craftsmen, learning their trade on the building itself. The project won the Trust a Daily Telegraph-sponsored English Heritage Angel Award in 2011. The budget was £420,000. Today part of the Orangery is a café; the rest is still used to train conservators.
Behind the house, on a site that had once been a foreman's office during the estate's quarrying days, the sawmill was completed in 1899. Two enclosed steam engines, housed in what the Trust now calls the Engine Room, generated electricity and pneumatic power for the whole estate. A separate Lantern Room held banks of lead-acid batteries for storage. After the building opened, the entire estate sawmill was relocated here to use the power directly. The steam engines were eventually replaced by diesel generators, then by mains electricity after the Second World War. The sawmill was decommissioned in the 1960s. The building now houses a biomass boiler that heats the main house, saving an estimated 141 tonnes of CO2 a year compared with the old oil boiler it replaced. Part of the old wood shed was rebuilt as a 'bat palace' - a deliberate roost site, in a building designed to accommodate the wildlife the estate has come to specialise in.
Tyntesfield has become one of the most important bat sites in England. Ten of the seventeen British bat species have been recorded on the property, and eight of those species live inside the structure of the house itself. The roost includes the lesser horseshoe bat and the greater horseshoe bat - both rare, both threatened, both demanding very particular conditions. Maintenance and building work at Tyntesfield is timed around bat hibernation and mating cycles. When repairs are done, new roost spaces are deliberately created. Visitors can sometimes see the bats on a closed-circuit television system the Trust has set up - a way of letting people watch the animals without disturbing them. A Victorian country house, designed to display the wealth of its owners, has become a haven for some of the smallest and most secretive mammals in the British landscape.
The estate sits within 150 acres of parkland - kept around the house at auction by the Trust to preserve the building in its setting. A long tree-lined drive runs down to balustraded terraces. Paths wander out to the rose garden, summer houses, the aviary, and the former concrete-lined lake that has been empty since the Second World War. William Gibbs and his descendants planted exotic specimens through the park from the latter part of the nineteenth century onward, and the estate now has fourteen Champion Trees - record specimens of their species - listed on the Tree Register of the British Isles. The trees themselves have become rare invertebrate habitat; the National Trust has folded Tyntesfield into a five-year project, ongoing since 2022, to conserve ancient, veteran and notable trees across Bristol.
Before the public was allowed in, Tyntesfield was filmed in 2002 for the Oxford Films documentary The Lost World of Tyntesfield, hosted by Dan Cruickshank - a kind of architectural treasure-hunting tour through a house frozen in time. Since then, the estate has appeared on screen repeatedly. The Agatha Christie adaptation Crooked House was shot here in 2017, with Glenn Close, Terence Stamp, Max Irons and Christina Hendricks. Doctor Who used it for the 2013 episode 'Hide'. Sherlock came to film 'The Abominable Bride'. The aviary - built in 1880 to keep exotic birds, later converted into a playhouse for the first Lord Wraxall's daughter Doreen - is one of the most distinctive features on the estate, and is itself Grade II listed.
Tyntesfield at 51.4406 N, 2.7117 W in the village of Wraxall, North Somerset, approximately 7 miles south-west of Bristol. Best viewed from low altitude (2,000-4,000 ft) over the Somerset countryside south-west of Bristol. Visual landmarks: the M5 motorway and Avonmouth Bridge to the north, Bristol Airport to the south-east, the Bristol Channel coast to the west. Nearest airports: Bristol (EGGD) approximately 4 nm south-east.